adminPrevious Year Questions (2013-2022)
1] “Relations between India and Russia are rooted in history, mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation.” Discuss. [2021/20m/250w/8a]
2] The recent differences between India and Russia are the result of misconceptions rather than facts. Elucidate. [2017/15m/200w/7) b]
3] Analyse the drivers of Indo Russia relations in the post Cold War era. [2014/20m/250w/7a]
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Model Answers to PYQs (2018-2022)
1] “Relations between India and Russia are rooted in history, mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation.” Discuss. [2021/20m/250w/8a]
Diplomatic relations between India and Russia began even before Indian independence, when on 13 April 1947, the countries announced their decision to establish official missions in Delhi and Moscow.
A watershed moment in relations between India and the Soviet Union was the signing of the Treaty of Peace and Friendship in August 1971. The Treaty was the manifestation of the shared goals of the two nations as well as a blueprint for the strengthening of regional and global peace and security.
In 2000, during the visit of President Putin to India, the partnership acquired a new qualitative character, that of a Strategic Partnership. It institutionalized annual meetings between the Prime Minister of India and the President of Russia and meetings have been held regularly since then.
During the 2010 visit of President Dmitry Medvedev, the relationship was elevated to the status of a Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership. So far, eighteen Annual India-Russia Summits have been held since 2000. These have led to personal contacts and close understanding at the highest level between our leaders.
The countries have shared interests in the field of energy and oil, defence technology and space exploration. This is also reflected in their active collaborations in these fields be it the development of Bramhos or India’s manned spaceflight program or the purchase of Russian oil amidst the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war.
However, it also needs to be acknowledged that any relationship cannot flourish on defence and historical linkages alone. With systemic changes underway in international relations, new dimensions of cooperation need to be found to build a strong economic and strategic partnership.
Both India and Russia will have to learn to navigate their relationship amidst challenges emerging not just from bilateral factors but also regional and global ones, as both countries seek to strengthen their position at a time of flux in the international order. [309 words]
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